Educational
Resources
![Cute-cat-coming-out-of-crate-into-new-home.jpg](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/b59a5d_37169f4d00ab49a0bb8db09fe1ebce73~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_481,h_481,al_c,q_80,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01,enc_avif,quality_auto/b59a5d_37169f4d00ab49a0bb8db09fe1ebce73~mv2.jpg)
Definitions
Below is a list of animal welfare terms to help guide you.
Adopter
A person who adopts an animal from a shelter or rescue organization.
Adoption
The process of taking an animal into your home and providing care for them as a pet.
Alley Cat
A term used to describe a feral or stray cat that lives outdoors, often in urban or rural areas.
Animal Advocacy and Welfare Organization
An organization focused on improving the well-being of animals through education, laws, and humane treatment.
Animal Advocate
A person who works to protect animals and promote their rights, often through education, legislation, or advocacy efforts.
Animal Shelter
A facility that houses animals, particularly those that are lost, abandoned, or stray, until they are adopted or rehomed.
Barn Cat
A cat that is kept in or around a barn, typically for pest control. They may live outside but often have a relationship with humans.
Basic Veterinary Care
Routine medical care for pets, including vaccinations, parasite control, and health assessments.
Bicolor
A coat featuring two colors, often white paired with another color.
Bonded Pair
Two animals who are emotionally attached to each other and must be adopted together.
Breakaway Collar
A collar designed to release when it gets caught to prevent injury.
Buckle Collar
A traditional collar with a buckle for securing it.
Calico
A tricolor coat featuring white, orange, and black, typically seen in female cats.
Caretaker or Colony Caregiver
A person who manages and cares for a group of feral or community cats.
Cat
A domestic cat, generally over 1 year of age.
Cat Carrier
A portable container used to safely transport a cat to appointments or other locations.
Cat Gestational Period
The length of time a female cat is pregnant, typically around 63-65 days.
Cattens
A term used to describe cats aged between 3 months and 1 year, blending the characteristics of kittens and adult cats.
Clumping Litter
Cat litter that forms solid clumps when wet, making it easier to scoop out waste.
Coat Lengths
Refers to the length of a cat’s fur, which can be short, medium, long, or hairless.
Collar
A band around a cat's neck for identification or control.
Community Cat
A cat that is part of a local population of feral or stray cats, often managed through TNR (Trap-Neuter-Return) programs.
Declawing
The surgical removal of a cat's claws, often considered inhumane and illegal in many areas.
Deworming
The process of removing parasitic worms from an animal's intestines through medication.
Dilute
A lighter version of a solid or pattern (e.g., dilute calico features soft gray and peach tones instead of black and orange).
Drop Trap
A large, flat trap that is used to drop over a cat when triggered, typically used for trapping a single cat from a group of feral or stray cats. Drop traps are often used for more difficult-to-capture cats.
Dumbo Rat
A type of pet rat known for its large ears that are positioned lower on the head, giving them a "dumbo" look.
Ear Tip
The universally recognized marker that a cat lives outdoors and has been spayed/neutered, achieved by surgically removing 1/8" of the left ear.
Ectodactyl
A rare condition in cats where one or more toes are missing or malformed, resulting in a claw-like paw appearance.
Euthanasia
The humane act of ending an animal’s suffering when their quality of life is no longer sustainable.
Extraordinary Animal
An animal typically of pure breed or bloodline.
Fancy Rat
A domesticated rat bred for various coat colors, patterns, and traits.
Feline
A general term for any member of the cat family (Felidae), which includes both domestic cats and wild species.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
A slow-acting virus that affects a cat’s immune system, often compared to HIV in humans, but it is not transmissible to people.
Feline Leukemia
A contagious viral disease in cats that weakens their immune system and increases their risk for other illnesses.
Feline Megaesophagus
A condition in cats where the esophagus doesn’t function properly, making it hard for them to swallow food or water.
Feral
A cat that has been born and raised in the wild and avoids human interaction.
Forever Home
The permanent home an animal goes to after adoption.
Foster
Temporary care provided by individuals or families for animals awaiting adoption.
Foster Parent
A person who temporarily cares for an animal until they are adopted or returned to their original home.
Foster-Based Rescue
A rescue organization that relies on a network of foster homes to care for animals until they are adopted.
Fundraiser
An event or activity that generates money to support animal welfare programs or shelters.
Government-Run Animal Shelter
A shelter operated by a local, state, or federal government entity, typically funded by taxpayer money.
Hairless Coat
A genetically hairless coat, found in breeds like the Sphynx.
Hairless Rat
A pet rat with little to no fur, a result of specific breeding.
Harness
A piece of equipment designed to fit around a cat's body for walking or added control.
Heartworm/Flea Prevention
Medications or treatments used to prevent the infestation of heartworms and fleas in pets.
Heartworms
Parasitic worms that are transmitted through mosquito bites and affect an animal's heart and lungs.
High-Volume Clinic
A clinic designed to perform a large number of spay/neuter surgeries efficiently and affordably.
House Cat
A domestic cat that lives indoors with humans.
How Soon Cats Can Get Pregnant
Female cats can become pregnant as early as 4 months old.
How Soon Cats Can Go Back Into Heat After Giving Birth
Female cats can return to heat as early as 1-3 weeks after giving birth.
Human Society
A non-profit organization that works to protect animals through advocacy, rescue, and adoption.
Kitten
A young cat, typically under 1 year of age, still in the developmental and playful stage.
Lime Sulfur Dip
A topical treatment for fungal infections like ringworm and mites, often used in veterinary medicine. It has a strong odor but is highly effective.
Long Coat
A long, fluffy coat that requires frequent grooming to prevent tangles and mats.
Low-Cost Services
Veterinary services provided at reduced fees to make essential care more accessible.
Martingale Collar
A collar that tightens when pressure is applied, used for control.
Medium Coat
An intermediate-length coat requiring regular grooming to prevent matting.
Microchipping
A permanent form of identification for pets, implanted under the skin and linked to owner contact information.
Moggie
A colloquial term often used to refer to a domestic cat of mixed or unknown breed.
Neuter
A surgical procedure to remove a male animal’s testes, rendering him incapable of reproduction.
Nonclumping Litter
Cat litter that does not form clumps when wet, requiring more frequent full changes.
Nonprofit Animal Shelter
A shelter operated by a non-profit organization, often relying on donations and volunteers to function.
Overpopulation
The excessive number of animals compared to available homes, often leading to abandonment or euthanasia.
Pointed
A coat pattern with a lighter body and darker extremities (face, ears, paws, tail), as seen in Siamese cats.
Polydactyl
A cat born with extra toes on one or more paws, a genetic trait often referred to as “mitten paws.”
Post-Operative Care
Care given to an animal after surgery, including pain management and activity restrictions.
Purebred Cat
A cat that is from a recognized breed with a pedigree confirming its lineage.
Queen
A female cat, particularly one that is not spayed and is capable of breeding.
Rat
A small, typically nocturnal rodent species often kept as pets.
Rat Carrier
A small transport container used to safely move pet rats to various locations.
Rat Colony
A group of rats living together, often requiring careful management for harmony.
Rat Gestational Period
The length of time a female rat is pregnant, typically around 21-23 days.
Rattery
A facility or breeder specializing in raising domesticated rats.
Rescue
The act of saving animals from harmful situations, such as neglect or overcrowded shelters.
Rescue Organization
An organization that rescues and rehomes animals in need, typically those from high-kill shelters or difficult situations.
Ringworm
A fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, and nails of animals and humans.
SPCA
An organization that works to prevent animal cruelty and promote the welfare of animals through rescue, education, and advocacy.
Scruffing
The act of gently holding a cat by the loose skin at the back of the neck (the scruff). Scruffing is often used as a method to calm a cat or safely manage them, especially during handling or medical procedures.
Short Coat
A sleek, close-fitting coat that requires minimal grooming.
Single Kitten Syndrome
Behavioral and developmental issues arising from raising a kitten alone without the company of other kittens.
Smoke
A coat color where the undercoat is lighter than the outer fur, creating a smoky appearance.
Socialization (Rats)
Helping rats become comfortable with handling and human interaction.
Solid
A single coat color without patterns or markings (e.g., black, white, gray).
Spay
A surgical procedure to remove a female animal’s ovaries and uterus, rendering her incapable of reproduction.
Spay/Neuter
Surgical procedures to prevent animals from reproducing. "Spay" refers to female animals, and "neuter" refers to male animals.
Special Needs Pet
An animal requiring extra care due to medical, physical, or behavioral conditions.
Specialty Animal
An animal with characteristics of certain breeds or other traits highly sought out by adopters.
Standard Rat
A typical pet rat with ears positioned on top of its head and a more traditional appearance.
Sterilization
Another term for spaying or neutering, ensuring animals can no longer reproduce.
Stray Cat
A cat that has been lost or abandoned and is living outdoors, often dependent on human food sources or shelters. Unlike feral cats, stray cats may have been socialized to humans at some point in their lives.
TNR (Trap-Neuter-Return)
A humane method for managing feral cat populations by trapping, neutering/spaying, and returning them to their original location.
TNR Organization
A group that focuses on the Trap-Neuter-Return method to manage and reduce feral cat populations.
Tabby
A coat pattern featuring stripes, swirls, or spots, often with an “M” marking on the forehead.
Tabby-Point
A combination of tabby markings on the pointed areas of a cat, often found in breeds like Siamese mixes.
Tom
A male cat, particularly one that is not neutered and is capable of breeding.
Tortoiseshell (Tortie)
A mix of orange and black fur (or dilute versions), often in a patchy or blended pattern.
Transport Service
A service provided to move animals from one location to another, typically for spay/neuter procedures, medical care, or adoption.
Trap
A humane device used to catch feral or stray cats, typically for TNR programs or to provide necessary care. Traps are usually made of metal or wire and are designed to safely contain the cat without harm.